Original Article

Visualization scheme of residential design combining BIM and VR technology

¹ School of Management, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, China
² The Engineering Design Academy of Chang’an University Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710061, China

^* e-mail: liweihong@xaufe.edu.cn

Received: 13 October 2024
Accepted: 21 August 2025

Abstract

Economic development arouse the people's increasing pursuit of life. To meet people's design requirements for daily living places, it is essential to propose a reasonable residential design scheme. The research combines Building Information Modeling (BIM) and virtual reality (VR) technologies, aiming to enhance the visualization effect of residential design. The research first establishes a BIM three-dimensional model to reflect the building structure and cost data, and then applies genetic algorithms to optimize the design cost to ensure economy and efficiency. With the help of VR technology, users can experience residential design in an immersive way and feel the spatial layout and environmental atmosphere through virtual roaming. In the experimental analysis, the application effect of the genetic algorithm is evaluated first. It has a significant effect on residential housing cost control and reduces the daily capital use of residential housing construction in the Building Information Modeling model building simulation. Further, the Building Information Modeling model can effectively calculate the risk value of residential housing. The Building Information Modeling+Virtual Reality visualization collaborative experiment shows that the visualization effect is good, the model lag time is less than 0.06s. The high satisfaction evaluation of most groups can be obtained. The above results show that Building Information Modeling+Virtual Reality technology can realize the design visualization in residential design; Building Information Modeling+Virtual Reality technology shows a good application effect. It is of great value to the development of digital technology and engineering practice.